Google Place API は 一定リクエスト回数までは 無料で利用でき、データ用も多いのでとても役に立ちそうなAPIです。
そんな Plae API について 実際のコードを交えながら、初心者の私が 初心者の方にも分かりやすいように説明したいと思います。
場所の検索方法について
Google Place API には 次の 検索方法が用意されています。
どの検索方法でも キーワード・位置情報を両方とも指定できますが、それらの優先度や必須項目が異なります。
| 名称 | 必須項目 | 特徴 |
|---|---|---|
| 周辺検索 | 位置座標 | 位置情報を基に検索を行う。キーワードなどによる絞り込みも可能。 |
| テキスト検索 | キーワード | キーワードを基に検索を行う。位置情報などによる絞り込みも可能。 |
| レーダー検索 | 位置情報 | 検索精度は落ちるが 200件までの位置情報が取得可能。 |
今回は テキスト検索を用いた方法を紹介します。
前提条件
本記事では 技術的なことを中心にまとめるため、APIを利用するための アプリケーションは 作成済みという前提で進めます。
未だの方は 作成してから この記事に戻ってきていただければ幸いです。
(そのうち アプリケーションの作成手順も記事にしたいとは思っています。)
リクエスト方法
次のURLでテキスト検索をリクエストできます。https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/nearbysearch/output?parametersoutput について
json (推奨) と xml から出力形式を選択できます。
後から示すサンプルでは jsonを用いたものになっています。
parameters について
ややこしいので サポート終了したものを除いて紹介します。
| キー | 必須 | 内容 | サンプルでの値 |
|---|---|---|---|
| query | ○ | キーワード | 日本大使館 |
| key | ○ | アプリケーションのAPIキー | (非公開) |
| location | × | 位置情報 | (省略) |
| radius | × | 優先表示する半径 | (省略) |
| language | × | 優先表示する言語 | (省略) |
| minprice/maxprice | × | 価格帯：0（最も安い）〜4（最も高い) | (省略) |
| opennow | × | 営業中の店舗のみを表示 | (省略) |
| pagetoken | × | 20件以上のデータ取得/ページング処理を行うときに使用 | (省略) |
実際のコード
<?php
function searchPlace($keyword) {
$api_key = "【あなたのAPIキー】";
$keyword = urlencode($keyword);
$url = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/textsearch/json?key={$api_key}&query={$keyword}";
$json = file_get_contents($url);
return json_decode($json, true);
}
print_r(searchPlace("日本大使館"));
?>解説: 5行目 urlencode()
これをつけない方も多いですが、これが無いと空白を含む検索をしたときにエラーになります。
その他
出力時には htmlspecialchars() などを通した方がよいでしょう。
解説: 8行目 json_decode()
この関数で json をデコードしています。
第2因数に true を指定することで 配列が返るようになります。
実際のレスポンス
上記コードのように 「日本大使館」を検索すると、以下のような 結果が返ってきました。
「日本大使館」では いい感じに複数のデータが返ってきますが、「空港」と検索すると 1件しか返ってきません...。
Array
(
[html_attributions] => Array
(
[0] => Listings by <a href="http://www.where-in-thailand.com/">Where In Thailand</a>
)
[next_page_token] => CvQB4gAAAC_AGjSe_As5D-LYcL5FwrMh49S92Mjm2LljHSxwhhWuJMgude84KY9oFyYKlP0ADH3sPmhDIwrrJlWtaPguMBEQNr-VchC17qeCpkCEC5Wd9kESHHjVsgyHwlyJdkao7Vhl8nNvdBWXIU3q4RPpj6G9LtRUoMsYftS_oqMj99GPSJG5sOU5S4nwc259Aru9v9t2lWGxDL33Zplt1dS3LkirAwpgLkXJM8Lxneyeu2uke4_lkI4il1Ll03TZGGbbpedgSxzJI4RXqo1ORRk0APjTo8RknFODuqjaJPUFMxsZTehZ7UQTWbirOugx1TBZXRIQWLP28CNHuOgfcvmgUOeFjhoUcrk1th-l1peCl_z9cY_0m4NoFNs
[results] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => 2-2-1 Azabudai, 港区 東京都 106-0041, Japan
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6578031
[lng] => 139.7419704
)
[viewport] => Array
(
[northeast] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6591520803
[lng] => 139.74331938
)
[southwest] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6564541197
[lng] => 139.74062142
)
)
)
[icon] => https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/civic_building-71.png
[id] => c6d719767a9aaa87adf5745814ebf56fbddaab5d
[name] => 在日本アフガニスタン大使館
[photos] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[height] => 1944
[html_attributions] => Array
(
[0] => <a href="https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/108784195876784182303/photos">バーン</a>
)
[photo_reference] => CmRaAAAAuMlHYtsXHMpJ4L0JF5uaY0F9fvc3jvR0sjSjX3SSCQyvE_fitR5UAuBWfw0THHT974l7Cay_d0Z1xCNBRXfIK9CAh_xSCJNjbDdRLcEoa226qkEUl1KcHfiFyc-y_QnFEhA4x_LHSBqgQLUZx2-dGzTRGhRWl5Z7ckrEX94hn15Wl-FAkV9ltA
[width] => 2592
)
)
[place_id] => ChIJOZPMAZiLGGARg0LdNTvBDbA
[rating] => 4.4
[reference] => CmRSAAAArr1GcvGNuysa84dE8mcrcLgL5bOrmVqNoAMGNQ1xTS1Bf113bnWUV7N-xkG2xc_T5j5b2tTMYZ5FzAQsWbNq57jzp_ZII-yPsKfRRBknTLqcFaUdPo4T60se9RSUFUDEEhD9VyVrUgJSFLMXyfBXao3VGhRqSRL57_kXS3Jm6VYDRdugXIaZTA
[types] => Array
(
[0] => embassy
[1] => point_of_interest
[2] => establishment
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => 18 Gogwan-ro, Dong-gu, Busan, South Korea
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.1212553
[lng] => 129.0424796
)
[viewport] => Array
(
[northeast] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.1226042803
[lng] => 129.04382858
)
[southwest] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.1199063197
[lng] => 129.04113062
)
)
)
[icon] => https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/civic_building-71.png
[id] => 1e51c3263b7c902c4f3245154cba548f2276e857
[name] => Consulate-General of Japan in Busan
[opening_hours] => Array
(
[open_now] =>
[weekday_text] => Array
(
)
)
[place_id] => ChIJ1cogrdvraDUROJD4IZ7LFIA
[rating] => 4
[reference] => CmRSAAAASKfTrhg9SEAnsEQ6pbJfjRrEQsA-KYwA3_mUvA5KNDh3jd2z0Qxyo_Tru2o5YpeRqSzUqWYUF8I9rLBVxUppg6KDFpN1clIE-nnUP3ipQ2qPfJX0P_gLmdzpB9ZE5k9tEhB-m9Zl2hZz1efzHzwar2o1GhRKwo4QWhSMpxpYRFKVHds_X3Y2jA
[types] => Array
(
[0] => embassy
[1] => point_of_interest
[2] => establishment
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => 3 Chome-4-33 Motoazabu, Minato, Tokyo 106-0046, Japan
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6562898
[lng] => 139.7272209
)
[viewport] => Array
(
[northeast] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6576387803
[lng] => 139.72856988
)
[southwest] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6549408197
[lng] => 139.72587192
)
)
)
[icon] => https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/civic_building-71.png
[id] => ccf2e60b8d0a8e83b33407562962a61e961db877
[name] => 中華人民共和国駐日本国大使館
[opening_hours] => Array
(
[open_now] =>
[weekday_text] => Array
(
)
)
[photos] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[height] => 1936
[html_attributions] => Array
(
[0] => <a href="https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/109420076565040729976/photos">patriot red</a>
)
[photo_reference] => CmRaAAAALBQTI7Aq80w-vhPEEuEj0uF5Nq0QjsE-I0LnyeaeD6gNrTItOBLhgmCi_8gOb_huX5ydGGiyL_RUxmYy_JhJnsHVf3HnEcVcso1yh9toJyLg4HlLs715IiQXB7033BNkEhDnkU7QG60n2ycpEu-_gHiTGhRzke66RZzSy2oMN4pCWohvKhbz-Q
[width] => 2592
)
)
[place_id] => ChIJt3ocBHSLGGAReEK62GRyKOk
[rating] => 3.1
[reference] => CmRSAAAA5VfdVJ9drZ868jjACEXb-zc2HDnFdZAh40ZSQTuEZZ0K6llMNbvGE_T5aAIXnqxHy60vyIlifJETJF_nHRAtylP9A6PaSQ3p7XJG3zlJCICD_lSiZ4krY_tpXIq7xgvAEhDDBakeKslBHqf296r_6e6-GhTFtpK9futysjOMC6BkeYGB9MOoLg
[types] => Array
(
[0] => embassy
[1] => point_of_interest
[2] => establishment
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => 3 Chome-6-3 Shibakoen, Minato, Tokyo 105-0011, Japan
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6617619
[lng] => 139.7458163
)
[viewport] => Array
(
[northeast] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6631108803
[lng] => 139.74716528
)
[southwest] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6604129197
[lng] => 139.74446732
)
)
)
[icon] => https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/civic_building-71.png
[id] => ae78803c1edc531654c74f9234f29a6deb1bb7e3
[name] => 駐日オランダ王国大使館
[opening_hours] => Array
(
[open_now] =>
[weekday_text] => Array
(
)
)
[photos] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[height] => 2592
[html_attributions] => Array
(
[0] => <a href="https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/102943771504871687371/photos">Светлана Давыдова</a>
)
[photo_reference] => CmRaAAAANVLUB27ezDQbBEo2n-Q5Hb_p8kRhAODky84F4BQkOJQ2Yrwc2pSTUhCxFJOX1hO1ZyfakHAgMcBHoV06a5Z_IWH555hR_8ezXKSU4CQpA_pc-awD4NtHPT3UiqIcrSeCEhDITx6zJiPSwwoJf6kbLJG_GhQIkToTk2iMQAYYQ5MrosohWOf9HA
[width] => 1936
)
)
[place_id] => ChIJO_dmX5aLGGARH1roCgFn-uE
[rating] => 3.7
[reference] => CmRSAAAAoVvwIXjkOoZx91T6N37ykAwGbiCDeaYwQFLD_jW_3zHszutZuwTyu8mdrHu0wvTBHHGrchV2x_epMo2nYI1rXgwOy4KXxCM2toJIMcClXSXcEVXyIsYWWDGzFpjDGOFPEhB3R2cCTNm-16gEjmHA65-sGhSrphYszYj_Z87aSBEUnvL5qrJFug
[types] => Array
(
[0] => embassy
[1] => point_of_interest
[2] => establishment
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => Japan, 〒102-8381 Tokyo, Chiyoda, Ichibancho, 1
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6868773
[lng] => 139.7442973
)
[viewport] => Array
(
[northeast] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6882262803
[lng] => 139.74564628
)
[southwest] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6855283197
[lng] => 139.74294832
)
)
)
[icon] => https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/civic_building-71.png
[id] => 50811a0cd50d18fa5d97c5a6b23d9cae0ecb4f1a
[name] => 駐日英国大使館
[photos] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[height] => 1151
[html_attributions] => Array
(
[0] => <a href="https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/109098721967875570242/photos">Chung-Yu Lee</a>
)
[photo_reference] => CmRaAAAAYtGyS8P0uZWbE0WYkJFXFIEoujPyBBa3zQYFVhXst6UOJMveewO1wt-3NsQc_yo2yIpRqwTdnSlDXRCABD80rXezaymRA3nNdq1d8DmanSRQoexRzCiW3VWmmLESpXgMEhCldU54mRYDR5WCfSDD0MaGGhQCTU18llYQGOFeNWYT5D_5hOdXYQ
[width] => 2048
)
)
[place_id] => ChIJIbS7comLGGARaYikfZrnS8c
[rating] => 3.9
[reference] => CmRSAAAAacuEmo6vpl6PRBSmCPoNNOgu_BLwtPqMEWkh3oFgQ90qIESO6R1UwMQJgZ8cG2MB9g-FjMnjaI4C6TKq5qDf1_zFbRuJtnNdPYfu-WG4RX7GK8iNc1PhAqJRbp5nipmwEhCBxFDpk0fWuwPk0Ch4MZZDGhRWfbCqm4HuTpgMvfm3TFtuHS6LuQ
[types] => Array
(
[0] => embassy
[1] => point_of_interest
[2] => establishment
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => Japan, 〒107-8420 東京都港区赤坂1−10−5
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6688048
[lng] => 139.743326
)
[viewport] => Array
(
[northeast] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6701537803
[lng] => 139.74467498
)
[southwest] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6674558197
[lng] => 139.74197702
)
)
)
[icon] => https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/civic_building-71.png
[id] => b38c48a7c0a055662036845c1efd1b9c942d8889
[name] => 在日米国大使館
[opening_hours] => Array
(
[open_now] =>
[weekday_text] => Array
(
)
)
[photos] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[height] => 800
[html_attributions] => Array
(
[0] => <a href="https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/116321730612965563029/photos">Platea U</a>
)
[photo_reference] => CmRaAAAAQfQ7FrQUQOq8NbgCERAf0V1tB568vfvdqzcHrpdq9-CR7_sE7_byjWUVxz0ADMa8Z6i9bEv9T4rHtpDECkq8bDtZoRyK6_kd_3d7Qlo7uh5COYU6l86flXvGTLquMFusEhDLwN56hGB_56KEZ2FjH8zfGhQnfQP4ZO5OSpYRsHlRoWxQkAo83g
[width] => 1200
)
)
[place_id] => ChIJ9_kp64-LGGARXqik14nBLBA
[rating] => 3.7
[reference] => CmRRAAAAvrNJAlO2UsHO9EpbvPjfdW1R_uK-63C1C0HS54MUEW-CFavpnhZosdE8iqAaZNlWBHx1AWfF5d5Vfiz__qcAvV71siRwhLRyMRijVyYzJxv9TxpjOxyyrihLYPtRxNLdEhBfNwafsvJ0F2EqS1LJ_ZkfGhR3ksfEMYCiPfL5eOQFYixpd5wj0A
[types] => Array
(
[0] => embassy
[1] => point_of_interest
[2] => establishment
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => 2 Chome-2-11 Kudanminami, 千代田区 Tokyo 102-0074, Japan
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.693955
[lng] => 139.747162
)
[viewport] => Array
(
[northeast] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6953039803
[lng] => 139.74851098
)
[southwest] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6926060197
[lng] => 139.74581302
)
)
)
[icon] => https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/civic_building-71.png
[id] => f7d29334079bfa17ace214e28bc12fd4f2320445
[name] => 駐日インド大使館
[opening_hours] => Array
(
[open_now] =>
[weekday_text] => Array
(
)
)
[photos] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[height] => 2448
[html_attributions] => Array
(
[0] => <a href="https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/103306407965773157228/photos">M Street View</a>
)
[photo_reference] => CmRaAAAAbVUyp3-5eAwaCZSyn2kzeSsODP8ObEMNR_QnWkbQbLTYGyPJJve7CFNwaX3Bf4bivrmU-AE1T2oprH6YfY1imhwj_Zbn1NiMYXqDLVBLPXPLXdA9cc2n62lBi4EnKT17EhDy2Vo_UZGTXtCa-rBY_i1uGhQUf_wY_bwg5w0hLkiQRbB8qV-0bQ
[width] => 3264
)
)
[place_id] => ChIJdbux1WKMGGARkDHGl4CaVWI
[rating] => 3.4
[reference] => CmRRAAAA6C-AnjM4SkIgNzxlfrEGP3Ny0RsaZJycnCL1hNdaJBXii4T2wF67Djx5S_cus5TS6Zar8Vf4DT9C6D5uSAp9WHkSMdtuv56Ob6jZpDX9W22KoXwta_Y-nqOMUYTvEtndEhCqyK6HlLC75Fjwq1iKO4RxGhS3ZBZsePZS42eptk7mv-JXJB7xPg
[types] => Array
(
[0] => embassy
[1] => point_of_interest
[2] => establishment
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => 21-4 Kamiyamacho, 渋谷区 Tokyo 150-0047, Japan
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6622574
[lng] => 139.6890186
)
[viewport] => Array
(
[northeast] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6636063803
[lng] => 139.69036758
)
[southwest] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6609084197
[lng] => 139.68766962
)
)
)
[icon] => https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/civic_building-71.png
[id] => 1ce35c5af61b542635c2aa89229202eb91c8dab2
[name] => 駐日モンゴル国大使館
[opening_hours] => Array
(
[open_now] =>
[weekday_text] => Array
(
)
)
[photos] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[height] => 1536
[html_attributions] => Array
(
[0] => <a href="https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/109455260799956731370/photos">mashio yatsuzuka</a>
)
[photo_reference] => CmRaAAAAvLxZlGydCFE7orHEIGTbK9D50JmO5T_Ixfcx-n0tuvizGoFIX2lC5Mw2rA3p5TKRRMyc3GrZ3oL2D4aMcRDSH029K3x5oqQ3JWgESv_p9DDI3aBtzLdF-iwOXeSq8wuyEhBZuZkNP6isF6zjgDqumngKGhS0eNDicisc1wRcpwKkFc2edmflyw
[width] => 2048
)
)
[place_id] => ChIJd8KP-1LzGGARc9bGalj7C4s
[rating] => 3.2
[reference] => CmRSAAAA72njeksKwXXvD3sm88X6O-UtJmfRFm5HlpxIT8iPdH1cia6sk7Vy1JhYmfWw_XMZ-KbZuQiZ58v1rdyChoD-VIget6tXtLJ6XT1jPDzEgoyib1vXjZzKqcdT-T4X0tQeEhBcR7DGAlrOHcZ3EXMY_ZeXGhRtF6FYK9fY3ud84jzFwNX7SsM1sw
[types] => Array
(
[0] => embassy
[1] => point_of_interest
[2] => establishment
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => Japan, 〒100-0011 Tokyo, Chiyoda, 内幸町２丁目２−１ 日本プレスセンタービル2階
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6709194
[lng] => 139.7542041
)
[viewport] => Array
(
[northeast] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6722683803
[lng] => 139.75555308
)
[southwest] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6695704197
[lng] => 139.75285512
)
)
)
[icon] => https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/civic_building-71.png
[id] => 0bbe874cb94ed982cc2d17ab6f2b3766976a71c2
[name] => モンテネグロ名誉領事館
[place_id] => ChIJq9sobe2LGGAR7Z0c_mFwPtM
[reference] => CmRSAAAAqBu8MHdnv1EBluoyoUkyA7snq7F9K_vOVjen5Lt9DiYzq2rTEgawgD_2hYQ1LwLmguCvNRlrJBtItO-B6tE7JySSbafpyMey3HjI9j-u1en2myrB2dKTuZvB2mzcg28vEhDT7yv6wLGfYAVuY_LnWTn4GhS9BaNE6IVlFqk6jGCugGWZjF8H1A
[types] => Array
(
[0] => embassy
[1] => point_of_interest
[2] => establishment
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[formatted_address] => 7 Chome-3-38 Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo 107-0052, Japan
[geometry] => Array
(
[location] => Array
(
[lat] => 35.6733488
[lng] => 139.7285577
)
[viewport] => Array
(
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この値は 画像を取得する際に必要です。
尚 画像の取得には 再度 別のAPIを叩く必要があります。
place_id
この値は 場所の詳細情報を取得する際に必要です。
尚 詳細情報の取得には 再度 別のAPIを叩く必要があります。
詳細情報には 複数のレビューやフォトなども含まれています。
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